📖 Passage 원문
❶ Sylvan Goldman invented the shopping cart and introduced it in his stores in 1937.
❷ It was an excellent device that would make it easy for shoppers to buy as much as they wanted without getting tired or seeking others' help.
❸ But Goldman discovered that in spite of his repeated advertisements and explanations, he could not persuade his shoppers to use the wheeled carts.
❹ Men were reluctant because they thought they would appear weak if they pushed such carts instead of carrying their shopping.
❺ Women wouldn‘t touch them because the carts reminded them of baby carriages.
❻ It was only a few elderly shoppers who used them.
❼ That made the carts even less attractive to the majority of the shoppers.
❽ Then Goldman hit upon an idea.
❾ He hired several models, men and women, of different ages and asked them to wheel the carts in the store and shop.
❿ A young woman employee standing near the entrance told the regular shoppers, ’Look, everyone is using the carts. Why don‘t you?’
⓫ That was the turning point.
⓬ A few shills disguised as regular shoppers easily accomplished what logic, explanations, and advertisements failed to do.
⓭ Within a few weeks shoppers readily accepted those carts.
SECTION A
정밀 문장 해석 (Precision Translation)
It was an excellent device that would make it easy for shoppers to buy as much as they wanted without getting tired or seeking others' help.
"그것은 쇼핑객들이 지치거나 다른 사람들의 도움을 구하지 않고 그들이 원했던 만큼 구매하는 것을 쉽게 만들어 준 훌륭한 장치였다."
Men were reluctant because they thought they would appear weak if they pushed such carts instead of carrying their shopping.
"남성들은 카트를 밀면 자신이 강인하고 남성다워 보일 것으로 생각했기 때문에 쇼핑 물품을 손에 드는 대신 기꺼이 카트를 사용하려 했다."
SECTION B
핵심 어법 판단 (Grammar Verification)
다음 문장을 읽고, 대괄호 [ ] 안의 부분이 문법적으로 적절하면 O, 부적절하면 X를 고르시오.
A few shills disguised as regular shoppers easily accomplished [that] logic, explanations, and advertisements failed to do.
다음 문장을 읽고, 대괄호 [ ] 안의 부분이 문법적으로 적절하면 O, 부적절하면 X를 고르시오.
It was an excellent device that would make it [easy] for shoppers to buy as much as they wanted without getting tired or seeking others' help.
SECTION C
맥락적 기능 및 함축 의미 (Contextual Function)
❺번 문장의 'reminded them of baby carriages'는 여성 고객들이 쇼핑 카트를 매우 사랑스럽고 친근하게 받아들여 즉각적으로 애용하게 되었음을 의미한다.
⓬번 문장의 'shills disguised as regular shoppers'는 일반 고객으로 위장하여 매장에서 카트를 밀고 다니며 다른 사람들의 모방 행동을 유도한 바람잡이 모델들을 가리킨다.
SECTION D
유기적 독해 및 논리 추론 (Logical Inference)
골드먼은 반복적인 광고와 이성적 설명이 실패하자, 남녀 모델들을 활용해 '모두가 사용하고 있다'는 사회적 증거를 제공함으로써 대중의 심리적 저항을 무너뜨렸다.
지문에 따르면, 쇼핑 카트는 매장에 처음 도입되자마자 남성과 여성을 포함한 모든 계층의 소비자들로부터 어떠한 편견도 없이 즉각적인 환영을 받았다.
아래 영문은 본 지문의 주제를 나타낸 것이다. 이 문장이 지문의 실제 주제 및 핵심 논지를 정확히 반영하는지 O/X를 판단하시오.
Utilizing social proof successfully overcame customer reluctance toward using innovative shopping carts.
SECTION E
요약문 빈칸 추론 (Summary Completion)
다음은 위 지문의 내용을 바탕으로 작성한 영어 요약문이다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 단어를 [보기]에서 골라 쓰시오. (단, 중복 사용 불가)
SUMMARY
When shoppers showed strong (A) to adopting shopping carts due to psychological stereotypes, Goldman successfully popularized them by using fake shoppers to trigger (B) conformity.
<보기> 단어 목록
reluctanceenthusiasmsocialindividualstereotypessuperficialindifferenceacceptance